Notes to Chapter 13. 'Mesopotamia' and Its Regions

13.1 The Region as a Political Construct
13.2 The Climatic Zones
13.3 The Regions
13.4 Macro-Regions and Multi-Regions
13.5 Syro-Mesopotamia and Mesopotamia
13.6 The Regional Dynamic
13.7 The Amalgamation of Sovereignty

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13.2 The Climatic Zones

1. On Ancient Near Eastern climatic zones, see Liverani 2014 History, ch. 2, pp. 17-33; cf. also Liverani 2018 Paradiso.

   – [ Marco De Pietri, April 2024]

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13.3 The Regions

1. On canals and canalization systems, see e.g. Liverani 2018 Paradiso, chs 3.5 and 4.1.

   – [ Marco De Pietri, April 2024]

2. The Sumerian term equivalent to the Akkadian ugārum should be agar (literally ‘meadow’), written LAGAB×IGI^g or LAGAB×(A.GAR); in Sumerian there was also technical term, even if not entirely sure, for ‘canal digger(?)’, i.e. adun; it is also attested the Sumerian verb niŋin, meaning ‘to dam a canal’ (literally, ‘to encircle’).

   – [ Marco De Pietri, April 2024]

3. An important edition of the many texts found at Nineveh is Bezold 1889- 1899 Catalogue.

   – [ Marco De Pietri, April 2024]

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13.7 The Amalgamation of Sovereignty

1. For an old attestation of tribute and tribute bearers on the ‘Standard of Ur’ (British Museum, BM 121201, ca. 2500 BC) see e.g. Lawecka 2017 Tribute.

   – [ Marco De Pietri, April 2024]