Notes to Chapter 11. The Invention of the Steppe

11.1 Toward the 'Invention'
11.2 Beyond 'the Four Shores'
11.3 Imperial Genius
11.4 The Roots of a Counter-State

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• "Boson1918Assiriologia.d": duplicate bibliography "Boson1918Assiriologia" for site "Akk-lg".
• "Bottero1992Reasoning.d": duplicate bibliography "Bottero1992Reasoning" for site "Mes-rel".
• "Buccellati1972Teodicea.d": duplicate bibliography "Buccellati1972Teodicea" for site "Mes-lit".
• "Cauvin2000Birth.d": duplicate bibliography "Cauvin2000Birth" for site "Mes-rel".
• "DMB.d": duplicate bibliography "DMB" for site "Mes-rel".
• "Edzard2003Sumerian.d": duplicate bibliography "Edzard2003Sumerian" for site "Mes-rel".
• "Oshima2014Sufferers.d": duplicate bibliography "Oshima2014Sufferers" for site "Mes-rel".
• "Trinkaus1983Shanidar.d": duplicate bibliography "Trinkaus1983Shanidar" for site "Mes-rel".

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11.1 Toward the 'Invention'

1. Our paper on survey; recent work on Bishri; cf. Morandi, Bernbeck.

   – [ Giorgio Buccellati, July 2020]

2. The Sumerian MAR.TU = Akkadian Amurru(m) basically indicated the ‘Westeners’; see e P S D 2, sub voce; cf. also Marchesi 2006 Lumma, p. 11, fn. 30 and Sallaberger 2003- 2004 J E O L, pp. 55, 57, 59.

   – [ Marco De Pietri, April 2024]

3. About the Amorites, see Section 16.8; cf. also the dedicated monograph; further literature on this topic: Buccellati 1963 Testi; Buccellati 1966 Amorites (with review in Liverani 1968 Review-g B 1966); Buccellati 1966 Names; Buccellati 1992 Ebla Amorites; Buccellati 1993 Amorrei (specifically on the concept of the ‘domestication’ of the steppe); Buccellati 1995 Eblaite; Buccellati 1997 Akkadian & Amorite; Buccellati 2008 Origin; Burke 2021 Amorites; Burke 2021 Mercenaries.

   – [ Marco De Pietri, April 2024]

4. For mentions of the Amorites in the Bible, see e.g. Gen. 10:16-20, Gen. 14:13, Gen. 15:16,21, Ex. 3:8,17, Ex. 13:5, Ex. 23:23, Ex. 33:2, Num. 21:25,34, Num. 22:2, Josh. 5:1, Josh. 10.

   – [ Marco De Pietri, April 2024]

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11.2 Beyond 'the Four Shores'

1. For Naram-Sin in Basha(r), see R I M E 2, p. 91.

   – [ Giorgio Buccellati, July 2020]

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11.3 Imperial Genius

1. About the concept of ‘manifest destiny’ (coined by John O’Sullivan in 1845 or, according to other historians, by Jane Cazneau) see e.g. Heidler 2003 Manifest.

   – [ Marco De Pietri, April 2024]

2. On the topic of Lebensraum (a concept developed in the last century within the Nazi ideology), its historical origin and development, see e.g. Smith 1980 Ratzel.

   – [ Marco De Pietri, April 2024]