Appendix 2: Hymn to Enlil, the wind-god

Marco De Pietri, Stefania Ermidoro – March 2022

Sources:
     Autograph: Falkenstein 1959 Sumerische = Falkenstein, Adam 1959, Sumerische Götterlieder, Abhandlungen der Heidelberger Akademie der Wissenschaften, Phil.-hist. Kl., Jahrgang 1959, 1. Abh., Carl Winter Universitäts Verlag, Heidelberg 1959, Pls. 1-3.
     Sumerian text (column 1): Falkenstein 1959 Sumerische = Falkenstein, Adam 1959, Sumerische Götterlieder, Abhandlungen der Heidelberger Akademie der Wissenschaften, Phil.-hist. Kl., Jahrgang 1959, 1. Abh., Carl Winter Universitäts Verlag, Heidelberg 1959, pp. 5-79.
     Sumerian text and English translation: (column 2) Jacobsen 1987 Harps = Jacobsen, Thorkild 1987, The Harps that Once ... Sumerian Poetry in Translation, New Haven; London: Yale University Press, pp. 151-166 (translation on pp. 101-111).
     Online version: ETCSL (Enlil in the E-kur [Enlil A]: composite text) 14-25.

NB₁: Please note that almost all the phonemic transcriptions are by M. De Pietri and S. Ermidoro (the source indicated in the top table refers to the original source of the syllabic transcription).

NB₂: Please note that for an editorial decision and for uniformity to what is stated in Buccellati 1996 Grammar = Buccellati, Giorgio 1996, A Structural Grammar of Babylonian, Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz, pp. 20-21, in the phonemic transcription the use of the circumflex ( ＾ ) is avoided and instead only the macron ( ¯ ) is used.

Hymn to Enlil, the wind-god YBC 9845 + YBC 4653
Sumerian text (syllabic transcription)	English translation Jacobsen	English translation gB
14 uru igi-bi ní-me-lám-ḫuš-a	14 The front of the city was dread nimbus and halo,	14 The city – its solemn face inspires a sacred terror,
15 bar-bé dingir-uru^ru-na sag nu-gá-gá-dam	15 its sides the soaring, impenetrable heavens,	15 his back can repel even a powerful god approaching him from the outside,
16 šà-bi inim-gír-KIN inim-garáš-a-ka	16 its interior the cutting edge of a pointed dagger.	16 while the inside is the sharp blade of a terrible dagger,
17 ^gišés-ad ki-bal-a ub₄ sa aka-a	17 It was a trap to rebel regions, a pitfall, a net wielded.	17 a trap, a pit, a net that keeps its hinterland under control.
18 gal-bi du₁₁-ga-bé u₄ la-ba-ni-ib-sù-ud-dè	18 Not long was its blusterer living in it,	18 It does not allow the boaster to enjoy his good life for long.
19 di-da inim-erím-gál nu-mu-ni-ib-bé	19 nor speaking aggressive words to start lawsuits.	19 does not allow voices of rejection against divine judgement.
25 uru nì-gig-ga nu-mu-ni-ib-dib-bé	25 - Abominations to the city -	25 The city does not tolerate
20 šà-a-bar-a inim-si-nu-sá	20 None who dissembled,	20 hypocrisy or badness,
21 inim-kár ní-kár ù nu-gar-ra	21 spoke not straight,	21 abuses, malice or impropriety,
22 LÚ.TÚG.DI nì-erím i-^dutu	22 denied what he had said, was hostile, framed (people),	22 insolences, hostility or oppression,
23 igi-bal nì-á-gar inim-inim-sig-du₁₁-du₁₁	23 ensnared, was wicked, committed outrages;	23 envy, violence or vile slander, arrogance or disloyalty,
24 KAL-na inim-búr-ra IM-×-DI.TÚG-di	24 (none) who looked (furtively) away, tricked, denounced.	24 selfishness or disregard for what is right.
26 nibru^ki á-bi sa-pàr-gal-la-àm	26 Nippur's borders formed a great net,	26 The boundaries of Nippur are like a great net,
27 šà-ba u₁₁-rí-in^mušen-e du₁₀ mu-un-bad-bad-du	27 inside it an eagle was spreading knees (to strike).	27 inside which the eagle falls with its claws
28 lú-erím lú-ḫul-gál šu-bi la-ba-ra-è	28 Aggressors and evildoers escaped not its claws.	28 so that evil and malevolent people do not escape his grasp.
29 uru nì-gi-na sag-e-eš rig₇-ga	29 Justice was granted the city as a gift,	29 Thus the city remains stable,
30 nì-zi nì-si-sá gil-sa-šè aka-a	30 observance of truthfulness and righteousness, as ornament.	30 virtue and justice reign forever,
31 túg-tán-tán-na kar-ra gál-la	31 (holiday)-clean clothes were upon the quay.	31 clothed with light in its channel.
32 šeš-gal šeš-bàn-da dugud-de-dam nam-lú-ulù aka-dam	32 So that a younger brother honor the older brother, and he would act considerately,	32 In the city, the younger brother honors the older brother, and treats him with great respect,
33 inim-ab-ba-šè gizzal-aka-dè IM šu-a gi₄-gi₄-dam	33 that a father's word be heeded, and he make return for the reverence,	33 attention is paid to the words of the fathers to whom one relies on for protection,
34 dumu ama-ni-ir du₉-na ní-te-gá-dam nam-ab-ba sù-ù-dam	34 that a child humbly mind its mother, and she prolong (her) parental protection,	34 The children behave humbly and modestly toward their mother, and thus they reach a mature age.